As data storage densities increase and magnetic spacing decreases to '
'near-contact'' recording, tribological issues place more stringent re
quirements on tolerances for slider air bearing surfaces and disk roug
hness and flatness. This is primarily because the spacing variation mu
st also be reduced. In this paper we present some results of studies r
elated to this problem. First we demonstrate by direct measurement tha
t spacing variation is independent of flying height for a particular s
lider-disk pair and that it can lead to slider-disk contacts when the
mean flying height is low enough. Then we show also by measurement tha
t a major part of disk curvature that leads to spacing variation is ca
used by disk distortion resulting from the clamping of the disk to the
spindle. Finally we present some numerical simulation results of slid
er contacts with disk asperities that show the effects of disk distort
ion and spacing variation.