Dl. Kowalk et al., QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS OF THE MEASURING CAPABILITIES OF THE KT-1000 KNEE LIGAMENT ARTHROMETER, American journal of sports medicine, 21(5), 1993, pp. 744-747
The KT-1000 arthrometer was evaluated in vitro and in vivo to determin
e accuracy and quantify effects of potential error sources in clinical
application. The KT-1000 arthrometer in vitro accuracy was evaluated
by making 30 measurements of 13 known displacements (range, +15 to -15
mm). The effect of applied force on malalignment measurements was eva
luated in vitro by making repeated measurements with force applied 50,
10-degrees, and 15-degrees from the vertical position. The effect of
malpositioning the device along the joint line was evaluated in vivo b
y making repeated measurements 1 cm proximal and 1 cm distal to the jo
int line. The KT-1000 arthrometer was accurate in vitro (average error
, 0.13 mm; SD, 0.12 mm). The range of measurements increased when the
angle of force application was increased. Positioning the device 1 cm
proximal to the joint line produced larger anterior translation measur
ements in vivo than those at the joint line (5.8 versus 5.4 mm), while
positioning it 1 cm distal produced smaller measurements (4.4 mm). Th
e KT-1000 arthrometer's accuracy indicates great potential for clinica
l application, but one must ensure that the displacing force is direct
ed properly and the device is positioned accurately over the joint lin
e.