Development of physico-chemical or process models for impedance spectr
a requires consideration of the physics and chemistry associated with
the specific system under investigation. In order to be useful for int
erpretation of experimental data, the model must also account for the
characteristics of the measurement. The procedure for development of p
hysico-chemical models is reviewed, and a method is presented that can
be used to identify measurement characteristics such as error structu
re and degree of stationarity.