Aj. Howie et al., DISTRIBUTION OF IMMUNOREACTIVE TAMM-HORSFALL PROTEIN IN VARIOUS SPECIES IN THE VERTEBRATE CLASSES, Cell and tissue research, 274(1), 1993, pp. 15-19
A sheep antibody to human Tamm-Horsfall protein, the major protein in
normal urine, was used in an immunohistological study of organs of 48
species of vertebrate animals, representing the classes Mammalia, Aves
, Reptilia, Amphibia, Osteichthyes and Chondrichthyes. Immunoreactivit
y was shown in the thick limb of the loop of Henle in the kidney of ma
mmals, but there was no reactivity with tissues of birds or reptiles.
Superficial layers of the skin of several amphibians and fish, superfi
cial layers of the oral mucosa and gills of fish, and the distal tubul
es of the kidney of some amphibians, reacted with the antibody. Immuno
reactivity with mammalian kidney was removed by passage of the antibod
y down an immunoadsorption column coated with human Tamm-Horsfall prot
ein, and amphibian immunoreactivity was removed by incubation of the a
ntibody with material prepared from frogs in the same way as Tamm-Hors
fall protein. These findings suggest that immunoreactive Tamm-Horsfall
protein appeared early in vertebrate phylogeny, initially in skin and
gills and later in kidney, and that although conserved in evolution,
it shows antigenic differences between amphibians and mammals. Its dis
tribution is consistent with the hypothesis that it acts as a waterpro
ofing agent.