A combination of NOESY and ROESY experiments show that the higher stab
ilities (T(m)) of phenazine tethered matched (2) and G-A mismatched (4
) DNA duplexes are due to the decrease of the exchange-rate (i.e. incr
ease of the life-time) of the imino-protons and the reduced water acti
vity in their minor grooves compared to their non-tethered counterpart
s (1) and (3).