Excited species in the plasma present during reactive low-voltage ion
plating (RLVIP) of refractory oxide films are studied by using emissio
n spectroscopy. We believe we have found a higher ratio of atomic to m
olecular oxygen then reported for earlier analyses that employed a qua
drupole mass spectrometer. The application of emission spectroscopy to
the RLVIP process and self-actinometry are discussed with examples of
stable and unstable processes.