We report on a 42-year-old male patient who has been treated over a pe
riod of five years because of acute relapsing pancreatitis. The diagno
ses of viral pancreatitis, pancreatic pseudocyst, and choledochal cyst
type III (choledochocele) have been erroneously made. The clinical an
d laboratory findings over this period are presented. compare with one
another, and analyzed. The correct diagnosis of a duodenal duplicatio
n cyst filled with multiple calculi and lying within the lumen of the
duodenum could not be established until intraoperative findings and hi
stological examinations were completed. The pathogenesis of relapsing
acute pancreatitis associated with duodenal duplication cyst filled wi
th multiple calculi is proposed, based on the analysis of these findin
gs and the literature review.