Nc. Rose et Mt. Mennuti, MATERNAL SERUM SCREENING FOR NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS AND FETAL CHROMOSOME-ABNORMALITIES, Western journal of medicine, 159(3), 1993, pp. 312-317
Second-trimester maternal serum screening is a noninvasive means of id
entifying pregnant women at an increased risk for various conditions i
ncluding a fetus with open spina bifida, fetal Down syndrome, trisomy
18, multiple gestation, and adverse pregnancy outcome. Combinations of
several different markers are available for screening. These include
alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and unconjugated estr
iol. In this review, we discuss the benefits and limitations of the sc
reening tests and the suggested protocols for the care of patients.