This paper argues for a re-reading of one of Woolf's most neglected no
vels, The Years, in the light of recent theoretical work on the perfor
mance of gender. It is suggested that in The Years, Woolf offers a pow
erful analysis and critique of the production of gender identity withi
n the matrix of family life. Using Sophocles' Antigone (itself a medit
ation on the relationship between the individual and the polls) as an
intertext, Woolf dramatises what Judith Butler has described as the me
lancholy rite of passage whereby (hetero)sexual gender identity is con
structed through a mapping onto the body of an 'other' whose existence
is in a sense disavowed. This identity can only be subverted by parod
ic repetition of dominant discourse, sea in The Years in the speech of
Sara Pargiter.