Structure and function of the vomeronasal organ

Many animals use their vomeronasal organs to gain direct and specific conta ct with chemical cues released by congeners and in biological fluids. These cues provide information about the physiological status of the emitter and facilitate or regulate social interactions such as sexual relationships. T he present review gives a short description of the discovery of the vomeron asal organ and the pivotal findings of Jacobson. The distribution of the or gan and its anatomy in some vertebrates are described. The mechanisms for s timulus entry and egress are discussed, and the findings that led to the ap preciation of the vomeronasal organ in mammals as a main chemosensory organ for pheromones mediating reproductive status and inducing sexual behaviour are reported. The anatomical, biochemical and functional properties of the receptor neurones are described.