Sexual segregation in ungulates: A comment

Main et al. (1996) synthesized evidence that supported or refuted three hyp otheses that have emerged as the most common explanations for sexual segreg ation in ungulates. They provided new insights by evaluating a broad range of studies, and they identified promising topics for future research. Howev er, Main et al.'s (1996) analyses may lead to further confusion about impor tant links between foraging by ungulates and mechanisms that can account fo r sexual segregation. To clarify those links, I summarize information on fo raging processes central to understanding and evaluating hypotheses on diet selection, habitat use, and sexual segregation by ungulates. I reevaluate evidence presented by Main et al. (1996) and identify key differences in fe eding by browsers and grazers that affect the interpretation of morphologic al characteristics. To improve future studies of sexual segregation, I prov ide additional suggestions that incorporate recent findings on feeding by u ngulates.