Plasma-facing components in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Re
actor (ITER) will experience, high heat loads and intense plasma fluxes of
order 10(20)-10(23) particles/m(2)s. Experiments on Be and W, two of the ma
terials considered for use in ITER, have revealed that a tritium saturation
phenomenon can take place under these conditions in which damage to the su
rface results that enhances the return of implanted tritium to the plasma a
nd inhibits uptake of tritium. This phenomenon is important because it impl
ies that tritium inventories due to implantation in these plasma-facing mat
erials will probably be lower than was previously estimated using classical
recombination-limited release at the plasma surface. Similarly, permeation
through these components to the coolant streams should be re duced. In thi
s paper we discuss evidences for the existence of this phenomenon, describe
techniques for modeling it, and present results of the application of such
modeling to prior experiments. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights r
eserved.