J. Fernandez-bolanos et al., Hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol as the main compounds found in the phenolic fraction of steam-exploded olive stones, J AM OIL CH, 75(11), 1998, pp. 1643-1649
The lignocellulosic by-products, whole stones, and seed husks obtained from
processing pitted table olives and oil olives were pretreated under variou
s conditions of steam explosion, with and without previous acid impregnatio
n. The various water-soluble noncarbohydrate compounds generated during ste
am explosion, such as sugar degradation compounds (furfural and hydroxymeth
ylfurfural), lignin degradation compounds (vanillic acid, syringic acid, va
nillin, and syringaldehyde) and the simple phenolic compounds characteristi
c of olive fruit (tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol), were identified. The amount
of hydroxytyrosol solubilized was higher than that of the other compounds,
and increased with increasing steaming temperature and time. This suggests
its presence as a structural component of the olive stone.