We study the atomic reconstruction of the GaN (<10(1)over bar 0>) surface c
alculating electron-energy-loss (EEL) spectra and optical properties. The u
nreconstructed and three different atomic reconstructions are considered. W
e show that the optical properties are very sensitive to the atomic reconst
ruction. Results are presented and discussed in terms of differential EEL s
pectra that will allow to compare with experiments. Experiments are propose
d to unambiguously determine the surface-atomic reconstruction of this impo
rtant surface. [S0163-1829(98)01844-X].