Changes in choroidal innervation in Royal College of Surgeons rats with hereditary retinal degeneration

In Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats with hereditary retinal degeneratio n loss of retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and choriocapillaris is most p ronounced in the upper-temporal quadrant. To investigate whether changes in choroidal vasodilative innervation might be involved in the RPE degenerati on, we analyzed whole mount preparations of the retina and choroid stained for nitric oxide synthase and for NADPH-diaphorase (d) of 19 dystrophic RCS rats and 24 age-matched congenic controls of different age groups, Density of NADPH-d-positive nerve fibers was quantitatively evaluated in the upper -temporal and lower-nasal quadrant. Our results revealed that even in contr ol animals there were much less positively stained nerve fibers in the uppe r-temporal than in the lower-nasal quadrant. Nerve fiber density in both qu adrants increased for up to 3 months and remained nearly constant throughou t life. In the dystrophic animals up to 3 months of age nerve fiber density was similar to that seen in the controls. In dystrophic animals older than 3 months nerve fiber density in the upper-temporal quadrant decreased sign ificantly, whereas density in the lower-nasal quadrant revealed nearly the same values as in the age-matched controls. Decrease of NADPH-d stained ner ve fibers in this quadrant occurred prior to the vascular changes in the ch oriocapillaris, In the retina of RCS dystrophic rats an increase of NADPH-d -positive amacrine cells was found only in 3-month-old animals, Most of the se cells were located in the vicinity of irregularly arranged branches of t he central retinal artery. In animals 5 months of age and older the number of cells decreased to the same values found in controls, so that we assume that increase of NADPH-d-positive amacrine cells is involved in capillary d egeneration or sprouting.