Reduction in HTLV-I proviral load and spontaneous lymphoproliferation in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis patients treated with humanized anti-Tac

Human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I)-associated myelopathy/tropical s pastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a neurological disease that results from an interaction of retroviral infection and immune activation. In this study, five doses (1 mg/kg) of humanized anti-Tac antibody were administered to 9 HAM/TSP patients at weeks 0, 2, 6, 10, and 14. Preliminary immunological st udies on HAM/TSP patients treated with humanized anti-Tac indicate that the re is a selective down-regulation of activated T cells and a decrease in th e HTLV-I viral load in peripheral blood lymphocytes, most likely through th e selective removal of HTLV-I-infected, activated CD4(+) lymphocytes.