GIANT PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECT IN STRONTIUM-TITANATE AT CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURES

Piezoelectric materials have many applications at cryogenic temperatur es. However, the piezoelectric response below 10 kelvin is diminished, making the use of these materials somewhat marginal. Results are pres ented on strontium titanate (SrTiO3), which exhibits a rapidly increas ing piezoelectric response with decreasing 'temperature below 50 kelvi n; the magnitude of its response around 1 kelvin is comparable to that of the best materials at room temperature. This ''giant'' piezoelectr ic response may open the way for a broad class of applications includi ng use in ultralow-temperature scanning microscopies and in a magnetic field-insensitive thermometer. These observations, and the possible d ivergence of the mechanical response to electric fields at even lower temperatures, may arise from an apparent quantum critical point at abs olute zero.