Industrial dye decolorization by laccases from ligninolytic fungi

White-rot fungi were studied for the decolorization of 23 industrial dyes. Laccase, manganese peroxidase, lignin peroxidase, and aryl alcohol oxidase activities were determined in crude extracts from solid-state cultures of 1 6 different fungal strains grown on whole oats. All Pleurotus ostreatus str ains exhibited high laccase and manganese peroxidase activity, but highest laccase volumetric activity was found in Trametes hispida. Solid-state cult ure on whole oats showed higher laccase and manganese peroxidase activities compared with growth in a complex liquid medium. Only laccase activity cor related with the decolorization activity of the crude extracts. Two laccase isoenzymes from Trametes hispida were purified, and their decolorization a ctivity was characterized.