Reproductive effects of nontesticular illness

Diseases in nontesticular organs can have adverse effects on the male repro ductive system. The association of hypogonadism and feminization with cirrh osis of the liver is a classic example but these features may occur with ot her chronic illnesses;Elevated gonadotropin levels indicate a primary testi cular disorder. In contrast, acute critical conditions including severe tra uma or illness and starvation produce hypogonadism by gonadotropin suppress ion. Many drugs have side effects on the reproductive system.