The last 20 years have seen a vast increase in knowledge concerning the app
lication and design of sound diffusers used in architectural acoustics. An
ability to predict, measure, quantify, and optimize the scattering from sur
faces has been developed. The addition of numerous surface types has expand
ed the acoustical palette significantly. New diffusers have found widesprea
d use in all facets of architectural acoustic design. The historical develo
pment of sound-diffusing surfaces that have predictable performance is revi
ewed and their applications are illustrated.