Jh. Thywissen et al., Using neutral atoms and standing light waves to form a calibration artifact for length metrology, J VAC SCI B, 16(6), 1998, pp. 3841-3845
Beams of neutral metastable atoms can be patterned by spatially dependent d
eexcitation in a standing wave of laser light. Metastable atoms which hit a
substrate transfer their internal energy (10-20 eV) to the surface and act
ivate the formation of a durable carbonaceous resist from a vapor precursor
. The resist can be used as an etch mask to transfer patterns into the subs
trate material. In this work, we report a recent experimental demonstration
of this "standing wave quenching" (SWQ) patterning technique. We also pres
ent an analysis of the accuracy to which atom lithography and SWQ can form
a periodic reference array for length metrology. We find that, with some mo
dification of the experimental setup and parameters, the absolute period ac
ross a 1 mm(2) patterned area can be known to one part in 10(6). (C) 1998 A
merican Vacuum Society. [S0734-211X(98)12506-4].