Analysis of the reactivity during a pressurized water reactor main-steam-line-break transient

The main-steam-line-break (MSLB) transient in a pressurized wafer reactor ( PWR) is a core overcooling event that can result in a large positive reacti vity insertion. In most analyses the shutdown margin is sufficiently large that the core does not return to critical. However; some researchers have r eported an increase in the core power even though the core does not return to critical. A simplified kinetics model based on the prompt-jump-kinetics approximation is reported in new work and a single delayed neutron group is used to explain the core power increase during subcriticality. Specificall y, it is shown that the multiplication of the initial delayed-neutron sourc e as predicted by the rate of change of the reactivity during the transient is the reason for the increase in power even though the core never returns to criticality after scram. The results are demonstrated using data from a RETRAN-03 model of a hot-zero-power MSLB analysis of the Three Mile Island unit 1 PWR.