Nonsurgical management of pelvic floor dysfunction

In the 50 years since pelvic muscle exercises were introduced for the nonsu rgical management of pelvic floor dysfunction related to parturition, a var iety of approaches have been introduced and the scope of indications has gr own. This article describes the evaluation of patients with pelvic floor co mplaints, discusses additional techniques for performing pelvic muscle exer cises including biofeedback and electrical stimulation, details a comprehen sive educational program, and examines the literature on the use of pelvic muscle exercises for the treatment of stress and urge urinary incontinence.