This article offers a brief discussion of some of the aspects of clini
cal and academic realities of critical and intensive care medicine in
South America. Organizational efforts of collaborating physician and n
ursing intensivists from South American countries, Spain, and Portugal
are outlined. Discussion includes the issues of funding and support o
f health care delivery of the critically ill, and some of the clinical
syndromes not commonly seen in North America and Europe, but seen by
intensivists in South America.