Aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma complicated by chronic renal failure - Case report and review of the literature

A 61-year-old Japanese woman was hospitalized because of general malaise, T he patient demonstrated hypertension, hypokalemia and chronic renal failure (CRF). Plasma aldosterone concentration and urinary excretion of aldostero ne were elevated. Abdominal computed tomographic scan revealed right adrena l tumor and multiple cysts in both kidneys. Adrenal scintigram using I-131- adosterol disclosed uptake of the isotope in the area corresponding to the adrenal tumor. Plasma aldosterone concentration and renin activity (PRA) in an upright posture and daily variations in adrenocorticotropic hormone, co rtisol, aldosterone levels and PRA were compatible with aldosterone-produci ng adrenocortical adenoma. After administration of spironolactone and manid ipine hydrochloride, a calcium antagonist, general malaise disappeared, and blood pressure and serum potassium level returned to the normal range with out adrenalectomy. Although adrenalectomy is known to be effective for the treatment of aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma, several papers r eporting cases of aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma with CRF ind icated that surgical therapy was not always optimal in terms of postoperati ve conditions. Taken together, the conservative therapy may be one of the c hoices considering the prognoses of hypertension and renal dysfunction in p atients with aldosterone-producing adrenocortical adenoma with CRF.