Recently, a great deal of progress has been made in the field of helix-form
ing polysaccharides. imaging techniques show rigid, slender rods of aggrega
ted helices under gelling conditions for gellan and kappa-carrageenan. Kapp
a-carrageenan helices in a good solvent form a nematic phase (for short cha
ins) or a weak gel (for long chains). Theory on phase separation and gelati
on of rodlike particles has also progressed.