X-ray radiation from cooling neutron stars and superfluid state of their cores

Cooling of neutron stars (NSs) with standard and enhanced neutrino energy l osses is simulated taking into account the effect of nucleon superfluidity in the stellar cores on heat capacity and neutrino luminosity. The superflu idity affects X-ray emission from the surfaces of cooling NSs which gives a method to constrain the critical temperatures T-cn and T-p of neutron and proton superfluids. The method is applied for interpretation of observation s of PSRB0656+14 and the Geminga pulsar. The prospects of interpretation of future observations are outlined.