In this paper, we study the error and complexity of the discrete rando
m walk Monte Carlo,technique for Radiosity, both the shooting and gath
ering methods; We show that the shooting method exhibits a lower compl
exity than the gathering one, and under some constraints, it has a lin
ear complexity. This is an improvement over a previous result that poi
nted to an O(n log n) complexity. We give and compare three unbiased e
stimators for each method, and obtain closed forms and bounds for thei
r variances. We also bound the expected value of the Mean Square Error
(MSE). Some of the results obtained are also shown to be valid for th
e nondiscrete gathering case. We also give bounds for the variances an
d MSE for the infinite path length estimators; these bounds might be u
seful in the study of the biased estimators resulting of cutting off t
he infinite path.