In the context of the exploration of Mars, the availability of an instrumen
t for in-situ mineralogical characterization of the surface of the planet i
s of the highest importance. We are developing a miniature X-ray diffractio
n / fluorescence instrument for this specific purpose. The concept of the i
nstrument is based on the use of a single CCD detector exposed directly to
the X-rays diffracted and fluoresced by a sample. A first prototype has bee
n realized to test the concept of simultaneous XRD and XRF measurement with
a single CCD detector. This paper presents the result obtained after refin
ement of this instrument. The capability of the technique has been proven.
Further developments are planned to propose a miniature XRD/XRF instrument
for planetary exploration. The concept utilized in this project could find
a range cg applications as laboratory instruments or portable instruments.