The influence of the form of the interaction potential on the thermodynamic
properties of fluids is investigated. Differences in the potential profile
of nonconformal interactions are taken into account by the steepness of th
e potential functions and used to define a relative softness between intera
ctions. In the dilute gaseous phase, the system of interest is characterize
d by a relative softness relating its virial coefficient B(T) with respect
to that of a reference system B-0(T). For constant softness S, B(T) is obta
ined directly from B-0(T) by linear relations involving only S. The conditi
ons on which S is exactly or approximately constant are analyzed and shown
to hold in a wide range of cases. Furthermore, it is shown how to invert B(
T) to construct potentials whose form and parameters reproduce accurately t
he thermodynamic properties of the gas.