Mv. Medvedev et al., Asymptotic theory of nonlinear Landau damping and particle trapping in waves of finite amplitude, PHYS REV L, 81(26), 1998, pp. 5824-5827
A fully nonlinear, time-asymptotic theory of nonlinear Landau damping and r
esonant particle trapping in finite-amplitude waves is presented. The viria
l theorem and the conservation of the parallel adiabatic invariant are used
to determine the time-asymptotic distribution function. The effect of trap
ped particles on the nonlinear wave dynamics is highly nontrivial and force
s a significant departure from the conventional models of finite-amplitude
waves.