Simple acute cystitis is cured by single-dose or 3-day treatment. Complicat
ed acute cystitis requires clinical, bacteriological and imaging examinatio
ns. Treatment must be continued for 10 days and controlled. Acute pyeloneph
ritis in women requires bacteriology, ultrasonography and plain x-rays and
must be rapidly treated by fluoroquinolone or cephalosporin. High-risk acut
e pyelonephritis justifies admission to hospital, more elaborate examinatio
ns and active treatment.