Pseudoneoplastic focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in children. A case report.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a particular form of chronic pyelonep hritis, It is observed less frequently in children and can sometimes presen t with a focal pseudoneoplastic appearance. An 11-year-old child was admitt ed with abdominal pain, alteration of the general state and weight loss wit hout fever or palpable mass. Medical imaging was unable to distinguish betw een malignant renal tumour or tuberculosis. The diagnosis was confirmed by the inflammatory and purulent appearance of the mass and histopathological examination of the biopsy fragment. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess, c ombined with antibiotics provided marked improvement. Despite its rarity an d its nonspecific clinical features, focal xanthogranulomatous pyelonephrit is must be considered in order to propose conservative treatment.