Bh. Kim et al., 2-bromo-2-nitropropane/Zn promoted reductive cyclizations of ortho-carbonyl, imino, or azo substituted nitrobenzenes, HETEROCYCLE, 48(12), 1998, pp. 2581-2592
Under the mild conditions, reductive cyclizations of 2-nitrobenzaldehydes,
2'-nitroacetophenone, and N-(2-nitrobenzylidene)anilines were accomplished
in the presence of 2-bromo-2-nitropropane/Zn in methanolic solution. Under
the similar conditions in MeOH/CH2Cl2, o-nitro-substituted phenylazobenzene
s have been converted into 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles via reductive cyclizati
ons that are widely used as UV absorbers. Synthesis and mechanistic details
are discussed.