Development of an animal model for neurocysticercosis: Immune response in the central nervous system is characterized by a predominance of gamma delta T cells
Ae. Cardona et al., Development of an animal model for neurocysticercosis: Immune response in the central nervous system is characterized by a predominance of gamma delta T cells, J IMMUNOL, 162(2), 1999, pp. 995-1002
Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic disease of the central nerv
ous system worldwide. It is caused by the metacestode form of the helminth
Taenia solium. Study of the immune response in the human brain has been lim
ited by the chronic progression of the disease, the influence of corticoste
roid treatment, and the scarcity of patients who undergo surgical intervent
ion. To better understand the immune response and associated pathology in n
eurocysticercosis, a mouse model was developed by intracranial infection of
BALB/c mice with Mesocestoides corti, a cestode organism related to T. sol
ium. The immune response reveals the presence of abundant inflammatory infi
ltrates appearing as early as 2 days postinfection in extraparenchymal regi
ons, In contrast, infiltration of immune cells into parenchymal tissue is s
ignificantly delayed. There is a natural progression of innate (neutrophils
and macrophages), early induced (NK cells and gamma delta T cells), and ad
aptive immune responses (alpha beta T cells and B cells) in infected mice,
gamma delta T cells are the predominant T cell population, A cell-mediated
Th1 pathway of cytokine expression is evident in contrast to the previously
described Th2 phenotype induced in the periphery.