A ROLE FOR THE M9 TRANSPORT SIGNAL OF HNRNP A1 IN MESSENGER-RNA NUCLEAR EXPORT

Among the nuclear proteins associated with mRNAs before their export t o the cytoplasm are the abundant heterogeneous nuclear (hn) RNPs. Seve ral of these contain the M9 signal that, in the case of hnRNP Al, has been shown to be sufficient to signal both nuclear export and nuclear import in cultured somatic cells. Kinetic competition experiments are used here to demonstrate that M9-directed nuclear import in Xenopus oo cytes is a saturable process, Saturating levels of M9 have, however, n o effect on the import of either U snRNPs or proteins carrying a class ical basic NLS. Previous work demonstrated the existence of nuclear ex port factors specific for particular classes of RNA. Injection of hnRN P Al but not of a mutant protein lacking the M9 domain inhibited expor t of mRNA but not of other classes of RNA. This suggests that hnRNP Al or other proteins containing an M9 domain play a role in mRNA export from the nucleus. However, the requirement for M9 function in mRNA exp ort is not identical to that in hnRNP Al protein transport.