Static magnetic fields with intensities starting from 6 gauss (6X10(-4) tes
la, T) were found to decrease in an intensity-dependent fashion, reaching a
plateau at 6 X 10(-3) T, the extent of cell death by apoptosis induced by
several agents in different human cell systems. This is not due to a change
in the mode of cell death (i,e., to necrosis) or to a delay of the process
itself; rather, the presence of magnetic fields allows the indefinite surv
ival and replication of the cells hit by apoptogenic agents. The protective
effect was found to be mediated by the ability of the fields to enhance Ca
2+ influx from the extracellular medium; accordingly, it was limited to tho
se cell systems where Ca2+ influx was shown to have an antiapoptotic effect
. Magnetic fields thus might interfere with human health by altering/restor
ing the equilibrium between cell death and proliferation; indeed, the rescu
e of damaged cells may be the mechanism explaining why magnetic fields that
are not mutagenic per se are often able to increase mutation and tumor fre
quencies.,