Until 1994, there was a paucity of research aimed at the female soldier. Wi
th the dramatic increase in the numbers of military women and their subsequ
ent assumption of expanded roles, it is vital that increased research empha
sis be exerted toward this group. A 1994 Congressional directive mandated t
hat women be included in all Department of Defense-sponsored research. This
led to the establishment of the Defense Women's Health Research Center for
"multidisciplinary and multiinstitutional research" on military women's he
alth issues. This article presents demographic data of military women along
with descriptions of current research endeavors and issues in need of cont
inued and future research.