The characteristic temperature, thermal stress fields, and friction damage
of curved moulds for casting 115-136 mm square billets were studied using m
athematical model finite element calculations and thermal photoelastic expe
riments. The results showed that in the curved mould, the highest temperatu
res and thermal stresses were experienced near the meniscus level. Below th
e meniscus, a secondary peak was also found. IS/1353 (C) 1998 The Institute
of Materials.