Distinguishing perceptions of control from self-efficacy: Predicting consumption of a low-fat diet using the theory of planned behavior

The aims of the present study are fourfold: to apply the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to eating a low-fat diet; to consider differences between se lf-efficacy and perceived control over behavior (PCB); to examine self-iden tity as a potential addition to the model; and to identify beliefs which ma y provide useful targets for interventions. Findings support the efficacy o f the TPB as a predictor of low-fat diet. Evidence for the distinction betw een self-efficacy and PCB was provided by principal components analysis, pa tterns in prediction of intention, and the control beliefs associated with the two constructs. Self-identity was found to independently predict intent ion and may prove a useful addition to the TPB. Finally, specific beliefs d istinguished intenders from nonintenders, providing potential targets for h ealth interventions. The findings are discussed in the context of previous TPB research and the need for multimethod assessments of behavior.