A three-dimensional time-dependent icing model for a stern trawler

A full-scale spray flux equation has been derived for ship-generated spray using spraying data obtained from model-scale experiments. Using this equat ion. droplet trajectory modeling, and spray mass continuity. a full-scale s praying model, which includes the effect of wind drag, has been developed f or the stern trawler Zandberg. This spraying model has been incorporated in to an icing model for the same vessel. A three-dimensional grid cell mesh i s superimposed on the surface of the ship so that the local spray flux and icing rate on each grid cell can be calculated using the combined spraying and icing models. The disappearance of the Blue Mist II is used as a case s tudy to illustrate the performance of the icing model. Under these severe i cing conditions with off-head winds, the model predicts an icing rate of mo re than 13 tonnes per hour for the Zandberg, and the ice distribution is hi ghly asymmetrical. This ice loading is the most dangerous condition for the ship's stability.