In recent years endothelial function has been forwarded a modulator in the
pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. This review summarizes how an imbalan
ce between endothelium-derived reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxyge
n species as ell as increased expression of the endotheliumderived peptide
endothelin-1 may contribute to loss of renal function in diabetes. In addit
ion, the potentially beneficial effects of blockade of the renin-angiotensi
n system on this endothelial dysbalance is discussed.