Exudative eosinophilic pleural effusion due to Strongyloides stercoralis in a diabetic man

A 61-year-old diabetic man had fever and a significant exudative type of eo sinophilic pleural effusion. Microscopic examination of stained specimens o f bronchial washings revealed filariform larvae of Strongyloides stercorali s. This intestinal nematode is endemic in some areas of the world. Pulmonar y symptoms are usually mild, though severe pulmonary involvement may be occ asionally seen. Although serohemorrhagic pleural effusion has been well rep orted in the literature, we found no report of such an unusual case of sign ificant exudative eosinophilic pleural effusion due to strongyloidiasis.