Uterine rhabdomyosarcoma metastatic to mediastinal lymph nodes: Diagnosis by transbronchial needle aspiration

Uterine rhabdomyosarcoma is rare, with only 60 reported cases. We describe an asymptomatic patient with metastatic uterine rhabdomyosarcoma manifested as extensive mediastinal lymphadenopathy This 73-year-old woman had been p reviously treated for endometrial rhabdomyosarcoma and was referred to us w hen a right hilar density was seen on a chest radiograph; computed tomograp hy showed a nodule in the right upper lobe and extensive right hilar and su bcarinal lymphadenopathy, The diagnosis of metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma was made by fiberoptic bronchoscopy using transbronchial needle aspiration (TBN A), The patient is well 11 months after completing five cycles of chemother apy, This is the first reported case of uterine rhabdomyosarcoma with metas tasis to the mediastinum and the first case diagnosed with TBNA, which avoi ded the need for an invasive diagnostic procedure.