Analysis of 77,000 canine uroliths - Perspectives from the Minnesota Urolith Center

Of the hundreds of minerals that are found in the earth, most canine urolit hs are comprised of only six types: (1) magnesium ammonium phosphate, (2) c alcium oxalate, (3) calcium phosphates, (4) ammonium urate and other salts or uric acid, (5)or (6) silica. Each type has characteristics that allow it s identification. During the past two decades, the prevalence of calcium ox alate canine uroliths has dramatically increased, while struvite has decrea sed. The most effective treatment and prevention protocols are based on kno wledge of the primary mineral type comprising the urolith.