Canine calcium phosphate uroliths - Etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and management

Uroliths composed predominantly of calcium phosphates have been infrequentl y identified in dogs. Factors incriminated in the etiopathogenesis of calci um phosphate urolithiasis include an alkaline urine pH, hypercalciuria, dec reased urine concentrations of crystallization inhibitors, and increased ur ine concentrations of crystallization promoters. Disorders associated with calcium phosphate urolith formation in dogs include primary hyperyarathyroi dism, hyperadrenocorticism, and idiopathic hypercalciuria. Medical therapy of patients with recurring calcium phosphate uroliths should be directed at removing or minimizing factors contributing to urine supersaturation with calcium phosphate.