Rearrangements in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of chromosome 1 or 16
are often found in many types of cancers, including Wilms tumors, and have
been suggested to contribute to oncogenesis or tumor progression. The onco
genic potential of these rearrangements has been ascribed to the resulting
chromosome arm imbalances affecting the dosage of tumor suppressor genes or
protooncogenes. Because DNA hypomethylation has been linked to rearrangeme
nts in the pericentromeric regions of chromosome 1 and 16 in two types of n
on-cancer cell populations, we examined methylation of normally highly meth
ylated satellite DNA sequences in these regions in Wilms tumors. Hypomethyl
ation was found to be frequent in juxtacentromeric (satellite 2) sequences
and, especially, in centromeric (satellite alpha) sequences of chromosome 1
. Hypomethylation of satellite 2 DNA of chromosome 16 showed a high degree
of concordance with that of satellite 2 DNA of chromosome 1. We discuss the
relationship of this satellite DNA hypomethylation in Wilms tumors to chro
mosome aberrations, as determined by assays for loss of heterozygosity. (C)
Elsevier Science Inc., 1999. All rights reserved.