Analytical equations of storage reservoir water quality

Distribution system water quality protection is an integral aspect of publi c water supply management. Effective regulatory compliance requires a thoro ugh understanding of the transport and mixing processes in storage reservoi rs and their impacts on effluent water quality. This paper presents the dev elopment and verification of an explicit mathematical model of distribution storage water quality. The mathematical model is based on a compartmental representation of the reservoir continuum and is formulated analytically fr om mass balance relationships. The equations are applicable to separate inl et and outlet configuration reservoirs with simultaneous dual-directional f low. Previous models considered a common inlet/outlet reservoir configurati on with unidirectional flow. The performance of the proposed model is illus trated by application to actual reservoir data taken from previous papers. The developed model should prove to be a valuable tool for assessing the ef fects of alternative designs or operational policies for optimizing distrib ution water quality.