Male rats exposed to high levels of testosterone for 8 weeks, or to one hig
h dose of testosterone 24 h before testing, displayed an increase in punish
ed responding in the Vogel conflict test. The findings may be taken as indi
rect support for the assumption that the conflict paradigm reflects not onl
y anxiety but also impulsivity. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V./ECNP. All ri
ghts reserved.