Use of subatmospheric pressure to prevent progression of partial-thicknessburns in a swine model

The poorly understood, complex series of events that follows thermal injury frequently results in progressive loss of tissue. The concept of reversing this distinctive series of events has focused on the zone of stasis. Tissu es in the zone of stasis that surround burn injuries usually die over a per iod of 48 to 72 hours postinjury, resulting in a more severe injury. Applic ation of a controlled subatmospheric pressure (125 mm Hg) in an artificiall y closed space to partial-thickness burns in pigs significantly decreased t he maximum depth of cellular death under the burn when the pressure was app lied within 12 hours after burn creation (depth of control burns = 0.885 +/ - 0.115 mm; subatmospheric pressure treated burns (0-hour delay) = 0.095 +/ - 0.025 mm). A decrease in the depth of cell death was noted when subatmosp heric pressure was applied for as little as 6 hours. In summary, the applic ation of the negative pressure to partial-thickness burn injuries prevented progression of the wound to a deeper injury in this experimental pig model . A 12-hour working window exists between injury and treatment with reduced pressure, with an application time of as Little as 6 hours for successful prevention of injury progression. This technique may represent a new, inexp ensive, 'low tech' method for the treatment of partial-thickness burn injur ies.